Figure 5.

TUDCA modulation of cell cycle and proliferation of NSCs is dependent on mtROS and ATP regulation. NSCs were expanded, induced to differentiate up to 24 h in the presence or absence of TUDCA and/or CsA or OligA, and then collected for flow cytometry and immunoblotting, as described in Materials and Methods. (A) Representative quantification data of BrdU incorporation in self-renewal conditions, 24 h after cell treatments. (B) Representative quantification of G0-G1 and S/G2-M phase cells. (C) Representative immunoblots of p21 (top left) and p27 (top right) in total extracts and respective quantification data (bottom right or left), at 6 h of differentiation. Results were normalized to endogenous β-actin protein levels, and are expressed as mean ± SEM fold-change for at least 3 different experiments. *P < 0.01 and §P < 0.05 from non treated cells (control); ‡P < 0.01 and †P < 0.05 from cells treated with TUDCA alone.