Table 3.

Measurements Related to the Recession Defect in the Study Groups (mean ± SD)

Measurement Time	Smoker Group (n = 18 defects)	Non-Smoker Group (n = 18 defects)
RD (mm)
Baseline	2.49 ± 0.53	2.99 ± 0.91
Month 1	0.15 ± 0.35*	0.03 ± 0.15*
Month 3	0.19 ± 0.48*	0.18 ± 0.50*
Month 6	0.24 ± 0.46*	0.24 ± 0.49*
RW (mm)
Baseline	3.43 ± 0.46	3.18 ± 0.65
Month 1	0.70 ± 1.34*	0.12 ± 0.52*
Month 3	0.72 ± 1.42*	0.33 ± 0.78*
Month 6	0.82 ± 1.35*	0.46 ± 0.91*
RA (mm2)
Baseline	7.37 ± 2.41	7.44 ± 3.24
Month 1	0.66 ± 1.35*	0.07 ± 0.30*
Month 3	0.70 ± 1.56*	0.23 ± 0.66*
Month 6	0.83 ± 1.56*	0.35 ± 0.72*
KGW (mm)
Baseline	3.22 ± 1.80	2.28 ± 0.82
Month 1	—	—
Month 3	—	—
Month 6	3.67 ± 1.49†	2.94 ± 0.72†
Root coverage (%)
Month 1	92.31 ± 15.54	99.09 ± 3.87
Month 3	92.31 ± 16.23	96.97 ± 8.02
Month 6	90.33 ± 17.84	94.11 ± 12.00
Complete root coverage (%)
Month 1	72.20	83.30
Month 3	72.20	77.80
Month 6	66.70	72.20

^*P <0.05, significantly less than the baseline value within the same group.

^†P <0.05, significantly higher than the baseline value within the same group.