Table 6.

Baseline Biochemical Findings in Saliva Samples of the Study Groups (mean ± SD)

Biochemical Parameter	Smoker Group (n = 15 patients)	Non-Smoker Group (n = 15 patients)
Cotinine (ng/mL)	390.12 ± 287.04*	6.43 ± 8.65
bFGF (pg/mL)	13.97 ± 15.41	13.61 ± 10.61
VEGF-A (pg/mL)	218.34 ± 144.45	215.54 ± 202.10
PDGF-BB (pg/mL)	3.87 ± 5.36	7.96 ± 17.33
IL-8 (pg/mL)	147.09 ± 72.86	173.60 ± 148.83
IL-10 (pg/mL)	2.23 ± 2.43	1.18 ± 1.46
IL-12 (pg/mL)	21.37 ± 17.55	16.77 ± 6.78
TNF-α (pg/mL)	13.49 ± 10.66	10.07 ± 10.08
MMP-8 (pg/mL)	12,539.63 ± 6,715.28	12,762.59 ± 13,228.17
MMP-9 (pg/mL)	12,860.09 ± 9,969.42	22,692.93 ± 21,524.92
PAI-1 (pg/mL)	515.97 ± 311.49	624.33 ± 556.07

^*P <0.01, significantly higher than the non-smoker group.