. 2015 Oct 12;38(11):2090–2099. doi: 10.2337/dc15-0394

Table 2.

Improvements in weight, BMI, and behavioral outcomes at postcurriculum assessment by participant and staff demographic and socioeconomic characteristics (among completers of postcurriculum assessments only)

				Change in outcome variables (postcurriculum – baseline)
		% Weight change (n = 1,883)		BMI (n = 1,883)		RAPA (n = 1,595)		Healthy diet (n = 1,604)		Unhealthy diet (n = 1,606)
	n (%)	Mean (SD)	P^a	Mean (SD)	P^a	Mean (SD)	P^a	Mean (SD)	P^a	Mean (SD)	P^a
Total	1,883 (100.0)	−3.8 (0.04)		−1.39 (1.71)		0.57 (1.15)		0.35 (0.73)		−0.50 (0.65)
Baseline participant characteristics
Sex
Female	1,414 (75.1)	−3.7 (0.04)	0.003	−1.31 (1.66)	0.001	0.62 (1.17)	0.006	0.35 (0.72)	0.92	−0.50 (0.65)	0.69
Male (ref)	469 (24.9)	−4.4 (0.05)		−1.61 (1.85)		0.43 (1.09)		0.35 (0.74)		−0.52 (0.65)
Age			<0.0001^b		0.02^b		0.55^b		0.34^b		0.12^b
18 to <40 years	491 (26.1)	−3.4 (0.04)	<0.0001	−1.27 (1.78)	0.002	0.58 (1.21)	0.45	0.32 (0.74)	0.85	−0.57 (0.72)	0.03
40 to <50 years	576 (30.6)	−3.6 (0.05)	<0.0001	−1.35 (1.83)	0.01	0.52 (1.13)	0.15	0.39 (0.74)	0.14	−0.49 (0.62)	0.51
50 to <60 years	497 (26.4)	−4.0 (0.05)	0.01	−1.37 (1.63)	0.03	0.57 (1.12)	0.37	0.37 (0.72)	0.29	−0.50 (0.64)	0.41
≥60 years (ref)	319 (16.9)	−4.8 (0.04)		−1.65 (1.48)		0.65 (1.16)		0.31 (0.68)		−0.45 (0.59)
Education status			0.05^b		0.06^b		0.16^b		0.75^b		0.57^b
<High school graduate	215 (12.5)	−4.3 (0.05)	0.59	−1.53 (1.76)	0.72	0.39 (1.20)	0.05	0.35 (0.82)	0.47	−0.44 (0.70)	0.25
High school graduate	359 (20.9)	−4.1 (0.05)	0.89	−1.46 (1.81)	0.91	0.59 (1.19)	0.97	0.34 (0.75)	0.33	−0.52 (0.64)	0.78
Some college	786 (45.7)	−3.5 (0.04)	0.06	−1.27 (1.62)	0.05	0.60 (1.18)	0.94	0.35 (0.71)	0.34	−0.50 (0.64)	0.90
≥College graduate (ref)	359 (20.9)	−4.1 (0.04)		−1.48 (1.62)		0.59 (1.03)		0.40 (0.65)		−0.50 (0.61)
Employment status			0.0001^b		0.01^b		0.77^b		0.29^b		0.06^b
Retired	143 (8.4)	−5.4 (0.04)	<0.0001	−1.80 (1.38)	0.003	0.65 (1.16)	0.50	0.31 (0.60)	0.36	−0.37 (0.60)	0.02
Unemployed/student	276 (16.1)	−3.7 (0.05)	0.93	−1.33 (1.87)	0.80	0.56 (1.26)	0.87	0.31 (0.84)	0.17	−0.49 (0.74)	0.52
Employed (ref)	1,290 (75.5)	−3.8 (0.04)		−1.36 (1.67)		0.57 (1.13)		0.38 (0.71)		−0.52 (0.63)
Marital status			0.0004^b		0.01^b		0.66^b		0.44^b		0.01^b
Separated/divorced/widowed	384 (24.9)	−3.6 (0.04)	0.02	−1.27 (1.55)	0.03	0.57 (1.23)	0.82	0.35 (0.74)	0.99	−0.42 (0.70)	0.003
Never married	232 (15.0)	−3.0 (0.05)	0.0002	−1.19 (1.81)	0.02	0.48 (1.15)	0.43	0.28 (0.79)	0.22	−0.52 (0.72)	0.61
Married/live together (ref)	926 (60.1)	−4.2 (0.04)		−1.49 (1.71)		0.55 (1.10)		0.35 (0.69)		−0.55 (0.61)
Annual household income			0.009^b		0.003^b		0.07^b		0.08^b		0.20^b
<$15,000	254 (17.3)	−3.1 (0.05)	0.001	−1.09 (1.79)	0.0003	0.41 (1.22)	0.05	0.36 (0.82)	0.37	−0.43 (0.80)	0.03
$15,000 to <$30,000	313 (21.3)	−3.6 (0.04)	0.05	−1.30 (1.62)	0.03	0.57 (1.09)	0.72	0.27 (0.72)	0.01	−0.51 (0.63)	0.44
$30,000 to <$50,000	452 (30.7)	−3.7 (0.04)	0.07	−1.33 (1.55)	0.03	0.67 (1.20)	0.42	0.40 (0.71)	0.77	−0.50 (0.62)	0.33
≥$50,000 (ref)	453 (30.8)	−4.3 (0.05)		−1.57 (1.80)		0.60 (1.14)		0.41 (0.68)		−0.55 (0.60)
Staff characteristics
Proportion of female staff
≤70%	431(24.3)	−3.9 (0.05)	0.75	−1.43 (1.69)	0.66	0.62 (1.14)	0.39	0.38 (0.66)	0.36	−0.49 (0.65)	0.55
>70% (ref)	1,342 (75.7)	−3.9 (0.05)		−1.39 (1.74)		0.56 (1.16)		0.34 (0.75)		−0.51 (0.66)
Average age of staff members
<40 years	562 (31.7)	−4.1 (0.05)	0.23	−1.44 (1.72)	0.57	0.61 (1.13)	0.51	0.37 (0.74)	0.42	−0.56 (0.65)	0.05
≥40 years (ref)	1,211 (68.3)	−3.8 (0.05)		−1.39 (1.73)		0.56 (1.16)		0.34 (0.73)		−0.48 (0.65)
Proportion of staff with graduate or professional degree
<50%	946 (53.4)	−3.5 (0.04)	0.0002	−1.27 (1.62)	0.0004	0.60 (1.12)	0.40	0.31 (0.75)	0.02	−0.54 (0.66)	0.03
≥50% (ref)	827 (46.6)	−4.3 (0.05)		−1.56 (1.83)		0.55 (1.19)		0.40 (0.70)		−0.46 (0.65)

ref, reference group. Boldface data indicate P ≤ 0.05.

^aTwo-sided P value for each dummy variable from univariate regression analysis unless otherwise noted.

^bP value of χ² test for cross tabulation.