Table 4.
Multilevel regression models of BMI controlling for changes in diet and physical activitya
| Model 5 (n = 1,555)b | Model 6 (n = 1,555)b | Model 7 (n = 1,555)b | Model 8 (n = 1,555)b | Model 9 (n = 1,555)b | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β (95% CI) | β (95% CI) | β (95% CI) | β (95% CI) | β (95% CI) | |
| Participant characteristics | |||||
| Female*time | 0.24 (0.05, 0.43)** | 0.20 (0.01, 0.39)* | 0.28 (0.09, 0.47)** | 0.36 (0.17, 0.54)*** | 0.28 (0.09, 0.47)** |
| Age (10-year increment)*time | −0.06 (−0.14, 0.02) | −0.06 (−0.13, 0.02) | −0.04 (−0.12, 0.03) | −0.03 (−0.10, 0.05) | −0.03 (−0.10, 0.05) |
| Employment status (ref: employed) | |||||
| Retired*time | −0.41 (−0.77, −0.06)* | −0.31 (−0.66, 0.03) | −0.41 (−0.76, −0.06)* | −0.34 (−0.69, 0.01) | −0.36 (−0.70, −0.02)* |
| Unemployed/student*time | −0.09 (−0.35, 0.18) | −0.10 (−0.36, 0.15) | −0.11 (−0.37, 0.14) | −0.06 (−0.31, 0.19) | −0.05 (−0.30, 0.20) |
| Annual household income (ref: ≥$50,000) | |||||
| <$15,000*time | 0.52 (0.22, 0.82)*** | 0.55 (0.25, 0.84)*** | 0.41 (0.11, 0.71)** | 0.33 (0.04, 0.61)* | 0.36 (0.07, 0.66)* |
| $15,000 to <$30,000*time | 0.27 (0.02, 0.51)* | 0.28 (0.05, 0.52)* | 0.19 (−0.06, 0.43) | 0.16 (−0.07, 0.40) | 0.15 (−0.09, 0.38) |
| $30,000 to <$50,000*time | 0.22 (−0.00, 0.44)* | 0.23 (0.01, 0.45)* | 0.19 (−0.04, 0.41) | 0.18 (−0.04, 0.39) | 0.15 (−0.07, 0.36) |
| Baseline RAPA*time | −0.28 (−0.39, −0.17)*** | −0.22 (−0.33, −0.11)*** | |||
| Change in RAPA*time | −0.42 (−0.52, −0.32)*** | −0.29 (−0.39, −0.19)*** | |||
| Baseline healthy diet*time | −0.15 (−0.27, −0.04)** | −0.12 (−0.23, −0.00)* | |||
| Change in healthy diet*time | −0.45 (−0.58, −0.33)*** | −0.40 (−0.53, −0.28)*** | |||
| Baseline unhealthy diet*time | 0.42 (0.28, 0.56)*** | 0.35 (0.21, 0.49)*** | |||
| Change in unhealthy diet*time | 0.80 (0.65, 0.94)*** | 0.72 (0.57, 0.86)*** | |||
| Site characteristics | |||||
| Proportion of staff completing graduate/professional school <50%*time | 0.25 (0.08, 0.42)** | 0.26 (0.10, 0.42)** | 0.22 (0.06, 0.38)** | 0.27 (0.11, 0.43)** | 0.24 (0.08, 0.40)** |
ref, reference group.
aLinear mixed models based on paired data with imputed baseline socioeconomic variables and nonimputed changes in behaviors as independent variables.
bBecause 998 participants had missing data on at least one of behavioral change, the sample sizes of models in Table 4 are smaller than those of models in Table 3.
*P < 0.05.
**P < 0.01.
***P < 0.001.