Figure 5. Effect of kainic acid-induced lesion of the septal region on formalin-induced nociceptive behaviours and ambulation.

The figure is built as for Fig. 2. Analyses of the time course (left panels) of the formalin-induced licking (a), flinching (b) and ambulation (c), indicated that neuronal destruction with kainic acid (KA) pre-treatment (see Fig. 4) did not significantly alter these behaviours. However, phase analysis (right panels) revealed some changes. For example, licking was increased in phase 1 (0–5 min; (a), right). Likewise, an increase in ambulation was observed in the phase 2 (11–60 min; (c) right). Data are mean ± SEM. Statistical significance: (a) *p < 0.05 vs. Sham. Statistical analyses were performed using two-way ANOVA (left panels) or unpaired t-test (right panels).