Table 1.
Spatial resolution of current CBCT scanners as published in recent literature
| Publication | Type of phantom | Visual resolution (lp mm−1) |
MTF at 10% modulation (cycles per millimetre) |
Voxel size (range in millimetre) |
CBCT device(s) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Min | Max | Min | Max | Min | Max | |||
| Suomalainen et al42 | Teflon® edge vs Perspex® background | na | na | 0.10 | 0.80 | 0.120 | 0.360 | 3D Accuitomo |
| PromaxH 3D scanner | ||||||||
| Scanora® 3D scanner | ||||||||
| Xu et al43 | Wire phantom | 1.20 | 1.6 | 1.80 | 2.30 | 0.200 | 0.500 | CS 9300 |
| Ozaki et al44 | Thin tungsten wire | 1.70 | 2.8 | 1.80 | 2.60 | 0.080 | 0.160 | 3D Accuitomo FineCube v. 12 |
| Bamba et al45 | SEDENTEXCT, thin stainless steel vs air | 1.00 | 2.8 | 0.60 | 1.25 | 0.080 | 0.125 | CS 9300 |
| 3D Accuitomo 80 | ||||||||
| Veraviewepocs | ||||||||
| Ballrick et al46 | Line-pair phantom [C phantom (Phantom Laboratory, Salem, NY)] | 0.60 | 0.8 | na | na | 0.200 | 0.400 | i-CAT model 9140-0035-000C |
| Knörgen et al47 | Edge PMMA vs air | 0.70 | 1.7 | na | na | 0.125 | 0.250 | 3D Accuitomo 170 |
| Pauwels et al48 | SEDENTEXCT, line-pair insert (aluminium vs polymer) | na | <3.0 | na | na | 0.076 | 0.400 | 3D Accuitomo 170 |
| 3D Accuitomo (image intensifier) | ||||||||
| Veraviewepocs | ||||||||
| Galileos Comfort | ||||||||
| i-CAT Next Generation | ||||||||
| CS 9000 3D | ||||||||
| CS 9500 | ||||||||
| NewTom VGi | ||||||||
| Pax-Uni3D | ||||||||
| Picasso Trio | ||||||||
| ProMax® 3D | ||||||||
| Scanora 3D scanner | ||||||||
| SkyView® | ||||||||
| Steiding et al9 | Edge aluminium sphere vs foam | 0.83 | 1.0 | 0.88 | 0.89 | 0.300 | 0.300 | i-CAT Next Generation |
| Watanabe et al49 | 0.100-mm tungsten wire; MTF, 0.100-mm tungsten wire; visual, aluminium vs epoxy resin | 1.90 | 2.1 | 1.75 | 2.64 | 0.125 | 0.125 | 3D Accuitomo (image intensifier) |
| Watanabe et al50 | MTF, 0.100-mm tungsten wire; visual, aluminium vs epoxy resin | 1.90 | 2.1 | 1.89 | 2.65 | 0.125 | 0.125 | 3D Accuitomo (image intensifier) |
max, maximum; min, minimum; MTF, modulation transfer function; na, not available; PMMA, polymethylmethacrylate.
3D Accuitomo, Veraviewepocs and FineCube v. 12 obtained from J. Morita MFG Corp., Kyoto, Japan; PromaxH 3D scanner obtained from Planmeca Oy, Helsinki, Finland; Scanora® 3D scanner obtained from Soredex, Tuusula, Finland; CS 9300, CS 9000 3D and CS 9500 obtained from Carestream Health, Rochester, NY; i-CAT model 9140-0035-000C obtained from Imaging Sciences International, Hatfield, PA; Galileos Comfort obtained from Sirona Dental Systems, Bensheim, Germany; NewTom VGi obtained from Quantitative Radiology (QR Srl), Verona, Italy; Pax-Uni3D and Picasso Trio obtained from Value Added Technologies (VATECH), Yongin, South Korea; SkyView obtained from Cefla Dental Group, Imola, Italy.