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. 2015 Oct 22;5:15662. doi: 10.1038/srep15662

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Copyright © 2015, Macmillan Publishers Limited

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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The bar graphs in A (scaled according to the ratio) and B (scaled according to the –log (p-value), are representative of the results from IPA ingenuity pathway analysis of microarray data from human degenerative versus non degenerative annulus fibrosus, showing the 5 most dysregulated canonical pathways in the degenerative annulus fibrosus. The canonical pathways involve interferon signalling as the top disrupted canonical pathway, followed by UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine biosynthesis 1, dermatan sulfate biosynthesis, Wnt/beta-catenin signalling, and xenobiotic metabolism signalling. The bar graphs are generated according to the number of the significant genes participating in each pathway. The ratios (in yellow) in graph A represent the number of significantly expressed genes over the total number of genes involved in each canonical pathway.