Figure 5.

IR-induced autophagy and apoptosis in HME-CCs. (A) IR-induced autophagy was inhibited in ATR-deficient HME-CCs 24 hr following IR treatment. (B) IR-induced apoptosis was enhanced in ATM and ATR double deficient cells (ATM1-ATR) 48 hr post treatment. Autophagy was evaluated at 24 hr post IR using Cyto-ID autophagy detection kit. Apoptosis Caspase3/7 activity was measured at 48 hr psot treatment using ApoTox-Glo Triplex Assay (Promega) and normalized to the number of viable cells. All of the presented values are relative to that of the untreated LacZ-NS and show in mean ± SE (n = 3). *means significantly different from wild-type (LacZ-NS) (P < 0.05); **means change in apoptosis due to ATM/ATR double depletion is significantly greater than the sum of that due to ATM or ATR depletion alone (P < 0.05).