Table 1.
Baseline characteristics and pulse wave analysis
| PCI group | Non-PCI group | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n = 73 (%) | n = 159 (%) | ||
| Male | 50 (68.5) | 97 (61.0) | 0.306 |
| Age (years) | 64.8 ± 10.3 | 59.6 ± 13.1 | 0.001 |
| Height (cm) | 163.8 ± 7.7 | 163.0 ± 8.5 | 0.486 |
| Body weight (Kg) | 66.9 ± 11.4 | 68.2 ± 11.4 | 0.442 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 24.8 ± 3.5 | 25.6 ± 3.2 | 0.085 |
| Brachial systolic pressure (mmHg) | 148.9 ± 22.4 | 144.1 ± 22.6 | 0.135 |
| Brachial diastolic pressure (mmHg) | 87.0 ± 11.0 | 85.1 ± 10.5 | 0.203 |
| Brachial pulse pressure (mmHg) | 61.8 ± 17.6 | 58.7 ± 17.6 | 0.216 |
| CVD risk points | 18.6 ± 4.0 | 14.9 ± 5.4 | <0.001* |
| 10-year estimate of CVD risk (%) | 25.3 ± 6.5 | 18.8 ± 10.2 | <0.001* |
| Diabetes | 20 (27.4) | 33 (20.8) | 0.312 |
| Hypertension | 53 (72.6) | 78 (49.1) | 0.001 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 34 (46.6) | 46 (28.9) | 0.011 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 181.1 ± 45.6 | 185.9 ± 54.0 | 0.513 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 41.0 ± 11.2 | 46.0 ± 12.3 | 0.002* |
| Smoking | 24 (32.9) | 40 (25.2) | 0.268 |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction (n = 111) | 59.0 ± 14.5 | 65.3 ± 10.1 | 0.036 |
| Central pulse pressure (mmHg) | 53.4 ± 17.1 | 49.4 ± 18.0 | 0.110 |
| Augmented pressure (mmHg) | 20.3 ± 9.5 | 16.9 ± 8.8 | 0.009 |
| Augmentation index (%) | 36.5 ± 9.3 | 32.5 ± 10.0 | 0.004 |
| Augmentation index @75 (%) | 31.6 ± 8.5 | 27.2 ± 9.0 | 0.006** |
CVD cardiovascular disease, HDL high-density lipoprotein, PCI percutaneous coronary intervention, Data are expressed as means ± standard deviation or numbers (percentage); chi-square test or Wilcoxon two-sample test (or Mann–Whitney U test)
*p value for comparison between the PCI (n = 70) and non-PCI (n = 146); p < 0.05 considered significant
**ANCOVA test: adjusting for ejection fraction (n = 111)