The gastric (A: total, B: active) ghrelin levels. Although neither a simple lack of the IL-1 signal (spotted clear column: (A) n = 5, (B) n = 5) nor H pylori infection alone (filled column: (A) n = 5, (B) n = 5) was associated with any changes in the gastric ghrelin levels as compared with the levels in the uninfected wild-type mice (clear column: (A) n = 5, (B) n = 5), H pylori infection induced a marked decrease of the a) total and b) active gastric ghrelin levels in the IL-1R1-/-mice (spotted filled column: (A) n = 6, (B) n = 5). aP < 0.05 vs the uninfected mice; cP < 0.05 vs the wild-type mice.