Table 3.
Summary of parameter estimates for multilevel models of affect as a function of pain and coping
| Fixed effects | Negative affect | Positive affect | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Estimate | SE | t | p | Estimate | SE | t | p | |
| Intercept | 3.69 | .16 | 23.21 | <.001 | 3.43 | .13 | 27.35 | <.001 |
| Time | −.24 | .08 | −2.86 | .005 | .08 | .07 | .13 | .258 |
| Level 1 | ||||||||
| Pain | .07 | .06 | 1.24 | .218 | −.11 | .05 | −2.28 | .024 |
| MFC | −.42 | .22 | −1.90 | .059 | .74 | .19 | 4.02 | <.001 |
| PFC | −.07 | .20 | −.36 | .723 | .35 | .17 | 2.05 | .042 |
| EFC | .31 | .19 | 1.61 | .109 | −.16 | .16 | −1.02 | .308 |
| Level 2 | ||||||||
| Pain | .08 | .06 | 1.38 | .173 | −.12 | .05 | −2.75 | .007 |
| MFC | −.62 | .27 | −2.31 | .023 | .67 | .21 | 3.26 | .002 |
| PFC | .27 | .32 | .86 | .393 | .12 | .25 | .48 | .636 |
| EFC | .17 | .43 | .39 | .700 | .37 | .33 | 1.12 | .267 |
| Covariance parameters (repeated measures) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Estimate | SE | z | p | Estimate | SE | z | p | |
| Residual | 2.00 | .25 | 8.02 | <.001 | 1.25 | .15 | 8.24 | <.001 |
| Autocorrelation | .67 | .05 | 15.28 | <.001 | .66 | .05 | 13.59 | <.001 |
Note An autoregressive matrix was used to model the error variance on the dependent variables. Level-1 variables are person-centered. Level-2 variables are sample-centered
MFC meaning-focused coping, PFC problem-focused coping, EFC emotion-focused coping