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. 2015 Oct 23;9:394. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2015.00394

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Copyright © 2015 Loonen and Ivanova.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Simplified representation of the cortico-striatal processing unit in which cortical information leading to a movement is processed via an intra-cortical and (parallel) extra-pyramidal route (Loonen and Ivanova, 2013). The converging organization of the extrapyramidal circuits results in a re-entry circuit. (A) Sensory input, (B) projections to brain stem and spinal cord, and (C) projection to and from ipsilateral and contralateral cortical areas. NS, non-specific part; S, specific part. © A. J. M. Loonen.