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. 2015 May 5;6(3):182–193. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2015.1047128

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© 2015 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC

© Erin A McKenney, Lauren Williamson, Anne D Yoder, John F Rawls, Staci D Bilbo, and William Parker

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The moral rights of the named author(s) have been asserted.

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Figure 1. — The experimental design. The top portion of the diagram shows the division of animals during the study, and the bottom portion shows the timeline for specific events. Animals colonized with helminths are shown in green throughout the diagram, and green arrows indicate the feeding of helminths to the animals. Forty-two days after colonization of F₀ rats (F0) with helminths or sham (saline), the animals were bred. At the time of weaning (age 21 days), 32 F₁ males (F1) were randomly selected from the offspring, and were colonized with and without helminths as shown. Finally, when the animals reached an average age of 62 days (range 56–74), 96 hours before termination of the experiment, the animals were again divided further and received immune stimulation with LPS or with sham (saline) as shown in the diagram.