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. 2015 Oct 23;3:169. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2015.00169

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Copyright © 2015 Leferink, Chng, van Blitterswijk and Moroni.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Relative mRNA expression levels of haMSCs in static, biaxial bioreactor, and perfusion bioreactor culture were assessed by qPCR. (A) ALCAM showed a twofold significant down-regulation after 9 days of perfusion culture compared to static and biaxial bioreactor cultures. (B) CD63 showed no significant differences between the different culture systems. (C) F-Actin showed a down-regulation after 9 days in both dynamic culture systems compared to static culture. (D) Sox9 was significantly up-regulated in static culture in a well plate, whereas the bioreactor systems restored the mRNA expression levels similar to the basal levels (day 0 static culture). (E,F) Col-1 and Col-2, markers for extra-cellular matrix production, were down-regulated in both dynamic culture systems. (G) ALP showed a significant down-regulation in all conditions after 9 days of culture compared to day 0 in static culture. (H) ACAN showed a 10-fold up-regulation after perfusion culture compared to static and biaxial bioreactor culture; however, this change was not statistically significant. (I) For Runx2, no significant differences between the different culture conditions were found (n = 3, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001).