Table 1.

Comparison of different antigen delivery systems for mucosal vaccines for finfish.

Antigen delivery system	Safety	Immunogenicity	Induction of innate immunity	Induction of adaptive immunity	Reference
(A) Live vaccines
Attenuated CyH-3 vaccine	Low	+++	+++	+++	(2)
Attenuated VHSV vaccine	Low	+++	+++	+++	(3)
Recombinant live virus protein	High	+++	+++	+++	(4)
(B) Inactivated vaccines
Inactivated whole pathogen	High	++	++	++
Subviral particle vaccines	High	+	+	+	(5)
Subunit vaccines	High	+	+	+	(6)
(C) Encapsulations/top dressing
PLGA nanoparticle vaccine	High	+	+	+	(7, 8)
Chitosan nanoparticle vaccine	High	+	+	+	(9)
PLGA microparticle vaccine	High	+	+	+	(10)
Chitosan microparticle vaccine	High	+	+	+	(11)
Alginate vaccines	High	+	+	+	(12)
Micromatrix vaccines	High	+	+	+	(13)