Table 3. Population-based effects after half of studied hospitals recoded all eligible patients with pneumonia to sepsis or respiratory failure.

	Before recoding	After recoding
Number of Pneumonia hospitalizations	N=320,650	N=285,527
Risk standardized Mortality (overall)	11.7	10.6
Mortality for Hospitals that recoded	11.8	10.2
Mean change in ranking		improved by 235
Mortality for Hospitals that did not recode	11.8	11.0
Mean change in ranking		worsened by 235
Risk standardized readmission (overall)	17	16.7
Readmission For hospitals that recoded	17.1	16.7
Mean change in ranking		improved by 37
Readmission For hospitals that did not recode	17.1	16.8
Mean change in ranking		worsened by 37

Results are percentages unless otherwise stated. Patients eligible for recoding are those with a primary ICD-9-CM diagnosis code for pneumonia and ICD-9-CM procedure code for mechanical ventilation or secondary diagnosis code for acute organ failure