Fig. 1.

Epigenetic, cis- and trans-regulatory mechanisms underlying transcriptional control. Proper control of transcription is achieved through the coordination of epigenetic modifications, enhancer elements, and transcription factor activity. The availability of DNA regulatory elements dictates transcription factor binding and recruitment of epigenetic regulators to further regulate chromatin accessibility. Additionally, transcription factor activity can be modulated posttranslationally in coordination with circadian rhythmicity. Finally, lncRNAs facilitate long-range chromatin interactions to further modulate transcriptional activity