Table 2.

Comparison of hepatopulmonary syndrome and portopulmonary hypertension

	Hepatopulmonary syndrome	Portopulmonary hypertension
Prevalence in cirrhotic patients	10–33%	5–10%
Portal hypertension	Usually present	Always present
Pulmonary vasculature changes	Vasodilation and angiogenesis in alveolar regions	Arterial thickening and remodeling in resistance vessels
Hypoxemia	Always present	Sometimes present
Echocardiographic findings	Left atrial bubbles 4–6 cardiac cycles after injection of agitated saline	Elevated pulmonary artery systolic pressure
Indication for transplantation	Indication; increased prioritization for patients meeting specific criteria	Increased prioritization for patients with mild disease controlled by POPH therapy; contraindication if severe,
Improves with transplantation	Always	Variable