Figure 7. Model of glycerophosholipids-activated Tlr4-MyD88 signaling in HSC differentiation.
Overproduced glycerophosholipids, including phosphocholine (PC), phosphoethanolamine (PE) and phosposerine (PS), in Fanca−/− and Fancd2−/− MSCs may act as ligands to activate Tlr4 receptor in co-cultured WT HSC. Tlr4 in turn signals through MyD88 to activate an NF-kB transcriptional program that leads to upregulation of myeloid-specific gene expression and consequently abnormal myeloid differentiation.