Table 1.
Baseline characteristics
| All | Unmatched | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Whites | African- Americans | ||
| N=3,072,966 | N=2,525,525 (82%) | N=547,441 (18%) | |
| Age (years) | 59.9 ± 13.4 | 61.0 ± 13.9 | 54.5 ± 13.2 |
| Estimated GFR (ml/min/1.73m2) | 84.0 ± 15.7 | 82.3 ± 14.4 | 91.9 ± 18.8 |
| Gender (males) | 2,876,626 (94) | 2,383,874 (94) | 492,752 (90) |
| Hypertension | 1,842,120 (60) | 1,503,404 (60) | 338,716 (62) |
| DM | 735,372 (24) | 598,022 (24) | 137,350 (25) |
| CHD | 359,848 (12) | 321,545 (13) | 38,303 (7) |
| CHF | 143,230 (5) | 118,970 (5) | 24,260 (4) |
| CVD | 194,493 (6) | 163,514 (6) | 30,979 (6) |
| PAD | 174,990 (6) | 149,833 (6) | 25,157 (5) |
| Chronic Lung disease | 586,672 (19) | 504,170 (20) | 82,502 (15) |
| Dementia | 26,253 (0.9) | 21,370 (0.9) | 4,883 (0.9) |
| Rheumatologic disease | 44,044 (1) | 37,664 (1) | 6,380 (1) |
| Peptic ulcer disease | 59,130 (2) | 47,734 (2) | 11,396 (2) |
| Liver disease | 38,241 (1) | 31,265 (1) | 6,976 (1) |
| Hemiplegia | 15,458 (0.5) | 12,187 (0.5) | 3,271 (0.6) |
| Malignancies | 324,508 (11) | 271,282 (11) | 53,226 (10) |
| AIDS/HIV | 20,318 (0.7) | 9,321 (0.4) | 10,997 (2) |
| Depression | 301,777 (10) | 245,141 (10) | 56,636 (10) |
| Per capita income | 22,496 (11,643–35,000) | 24,100 (12,284–37,533) | 16,732 (10,044–29,416) |
| Married | 1,609,343 (54) | 1,400,099 (58) | 209,244 (40) |
| Service-connected | 1,273,171 (41) | 1,009,039 (40) | 264,132 (48) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 29.2 ± 5.8 | 29.2 ± 5.7 | 29.0 ± 6.0 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 135.4 ± 19.2 | 135.2 ± 18.9 | 136.8 ± 20.5 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 77.2 ± 11.9 | 76.6 ± 11.6 | 79.9 ± 12.8 |
| ACEI/ARB use | 1,636,622 (22) | 1,342,705 (23) | 293,917 (20) |
| Statin use | 1,688,623 (15) | 1,417,215 (16) | 271,408 (9) |
| Influenza vaccination | 2,006,550 (30) | 1,672,423 (31) | 334,127 (26) |
| Cholesterol measurement | 2,866,616 (79) | 2,355,044 (80) | 511,572 (76) |
| Healthcare encounters >1/month | 1,696,067 (56) | 1,347,435 (54) | 348,632 (64) |
| Living in area with high housing stress | 1,014,255 (34) | 770,143 (31) | 244,112 (47) |
| Living in area with low education | 312,812 (11) | 238,346 (10) | 74,466 (14) |
| Living in area with low employment | 275,108 (9) | 218,818 (9) | 56,290 (11) |
| Living in area of persistent poverty | 275,108 (5) | 102,782 (4) | 37,247 (7) |
Data is presented as means ± SD, medians (25–75 percentile) or number (% of total).
ACEI/ARB, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptop blockers; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; DM, diabetes mellitus; CHD, coronary heart disease; CHF, chronic heart failure; CVD, cerebrovascular disease; PAD, peripheral arterial disease.