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. 2015 Oct 20;11(10):e1005612. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005612

Fig 6. Fine-tuning evolution of orthologous DHFR expression.

Fig 6

A) Eight independent evolutionary trajectories of DHFR-37 (from P. ananatis) show an increase in fitness after evolution. Growth rates of each individual trajectories were measured every 5 passages. Three trajectories (1, 2, and 8) become markedly fitter than the rest after 31 passages. Error bars represent standard deviation of 4 independent measurements. B) Soluble abundance of DHFR-37 protein was measured in soluble cell fractions of all eight trajectories after evolution (In the gel, M: Marker). Note the pronounced abundance levels in trajectories 1, 2, and 8. N.d. not detected. Sequencing of folA gene revealed characteristic mutations in the promoter region that explain the increased abundance and improved fitness.