Table 2. Randomized clinical trials included in the meta-analyses: population characteristics.
| Lead Author | Year | Minimum CHO Intake (g/d) | Minimum FAT Intake (%kcal/d) | % Men | n | % Complete LoCHO | % Complete LoFAT | ΔWeight LoCHO (95%CI) | ΔWeight LoFAT (95%CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bradley | 2009 | 94 | 20.0% | 38% | 27 | 86% | 92% | -7.4 (-10.9, -3.9) | -6.5 (-10.1, -2.9) |
| Brehm | 2003 | 41.1 | 28.0% | 0% | 53 | 85% | 74% | -8.5 (-8.9, -8.1) | -3.9 (-4.3, -3.5) |
| Brehm | 2005 | 48.3 | 29.0% | 0% | 50 | 80% | 80% | -9.8 (-11.2, -8.4) | -6.1 (-7.9, -4.4) |
| Brinkworth | 2009 | 19.8 | 27.0% | 25% | 118 | 54% | 63% | -14.5 (-15.1, -13.9) | -11.5 (-11.9, -11.1) |
| Dansinger a | 2005 | 68 | 17.1% | 52% | 80 | 53% | 50% | -3.9 (-6.5, -1.3) | -6.6 (-10.7, -2.5) |
| de Luis | 2012 | 120 | 25.1% | 26% | 305 | 100% | 100% | -3.4 (-4.4, -2.4) | -4.1 (-5.1, -3.1) |
| Flechter-Mors | 2010 | 114 | 29.4% | 20% | 110 | 56% | 89% | -11.8 (-14.2, -9.4) | -6.9 (-8.8, -5.0) |
| Foster b | 2003 | 20 | 25.0% | 32% | 63 | 61% | 57% | -7.3 (-10.5, -4.1) | -4.5 (-8.3, -0.7) |
| Foster b | 2010 | 20 | 30.0% | 32% | 307 | 58% | 56% | -6.3 (-8.0, -4.6) | -7.4 (-9.1, -5.7) |
| Gardner a | 2007 | 61.1 | 21.1% | 0% | 153 | 88% | 78% | -4.7 (-6.1, -3.3) | -2.2 (-3.7, -0.7) |
| Lean | 1997 | 110 | 20.5% | 0% | 110 | 81% | 84% | -6.8 (-8.4, -5.2) | -5.6 (-7.1, -4.1) |
| Lim a | 2010 | 56.9 | 12.5% | 20% | 60 | 57% | 60% | -2.9 (-5.2, -0.6) | -2.1 (-4.3, 0.1) |
| Meckling | 2004 | 59 | 17.9% | 29% | 31 | 100% | 100% | -7.0 (-10.0, -4.0) | -6.8 (-10.0, -3.6) |
| Ruth | 2013 | 39.4 | 25.1% | 11% | 55 | 62% | 58% | -7.1 (-9.3, -5.0) | -5.3 (-7.6, -2.9) |
| Truby a , b | 2006 | 49.6 | 26.0% | 27% | 115 | 70% | 71% | -8.9 (-10.5, -7.3) | -8.8 (-10.4, -7.2) |
| Volek | 2009 | 44.8 | 24.4% | 50% | 40 | 100% | 100% | -10.2 (-12.9, -7.5) | -5.2 (-8.0, -2.4) |
| Yancy | 2004 | 29.5 | 29.3% | 23% | 120 | 75% | 57% | -12.0 (-14.4, -9.6) | -6.5 (-8.7, -4.3) |
a 3–5 arms in study, low carbohydrate compared to low fat
b multicenter trial