Red lines represent inhibition, green lines enhancement. Tick saliva inhibits production of IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF, IFN-γ, NO, superoxide, and CCL5, as well as expression of sTNFRI and phagocytosis. Tick saliva increases production of IL-4, IL-10, and PGE2 and macrophage migration. Tick SGE inhibits production of IL-12p40, TNF, IFN-γ, and NO, expression of CD40, CD69, CD80, and CD86, and phagocytosis.