Fig 3. Gain and loss of DNA methylation during human fetal development.

(A) Heatmap of CpGs with a gain and a loss, respectively, of methylation over time. Gain and loss of methylation was defined as a difference of beta ≥ 0.2 between W9 and W22, and W18 in between. (B) Mean methylation of CpGs with a gain or loss of DNA methylation for fetal tissues and their adult counterpart. (C) Combined genic and CGI-centric annotation for CpGs with a gain or a loss of methylation represented as the odds ratio (see S4B Fig for odds ratios). CGI, CpG island; DP, distal promoter; DS, downstream; GB, gene body; IG, intergenic; NC, non-CGI; PP, proximal promoter; SHE, shelves; SHO, shores. (D) Enrichment of dynamically methylated CpGs in the chromatin segmentation states for the matching tissues (fetal muscle, fetal adrenal, amnion and adult pancreatic islets; see S4C Fig for odds ratios).