Table 2.
PET tracers for receptor imaging in patients with epilepsy
| Receptors | PET tracer | Receptor subtypes |
|---|---|---|
| GABA | 11C flumazenil (FMZ)* | GABAA-cBZR |
| Opioid | 11C-carfentanil (CFN)** | mu |
| 11C-MeNTI* | delta | |
| 11C-diprenorphine (DPN)* | mu, delta, kappa | |
| 18F-cyclofoxy* | mu, kappa | |
| Serotonin | 18F-MPPF* | 5-HT1A |
| 11C-WAY-100635* | 5-HT1A | |
| 18F-FCWAY* | 5-HT1A | |
| Dopamine | 18F-fallypride* | D2/D3 |
| Acetylcholine | 18F-FA-85380 (2FA)** | nicotinic-α4β2 |
| 76Br-BDEX* | muscarinic |
*
Receptor antagonist;
**
Receptor agonist;
GABAA-cBZR: γ Aminobutyric acid A-central benzodiazepine receptor; MeNTI: N1’-methylnaltrindole MeNTI; MPPF: 2’-methoxyphenyl-(N-2’-pyridinyl)-p-fluoro-benzamidoethyipiperazine; 5-HT1A: 5-hydroxytryptamine 1A receptor WAY-100635: (3) H-(N-(2-(1-(4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1-piperazinyl) ethyl)-N-(2-pyridyl) cyclohexane-carboxamide; FCWAY: N-{2-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl) piperazino]}-N-(2-pyridinyl) trans-4-fluorocyclohexanecarboxamide; FA-85380: fluoro-A-85380; BDEX: 4-bromodexetimide.