FIG 3 .
Whole-cell membrane fluidity measurements by fluorescence polarization show that rigidity decreases for all strains as temperature increases and that the ΔhpnH mutant membrane is less rigid than that of the WT or the ΔhpnP mutant (**, P < 0.01 by Student’s two-tailed t test). Error bars represent the standard deviations from three biological replicates (~22 technical replicates).