PhoP-dependent regulatory networks implicated in the control of ESAT-6 secretion. Different genes from the ESX-1 (whiB6 to mycP1) and the extended ESX-1 (espACD and espR) regions involved in ESAT-6 export are indicated. PhoP (blue ellipses) interacts with the espR, espA, and whiB6 promoters and controls the expression of these genes. EspR (pink ellipses) interacts with and activates the espACD locus. WhiB6 (green circles) also interacts with the promoter regions of espA, pe35, and espB genes. Overall, the PhoP-dependent EspR and WhiB6 regulatory circuits activate the espACD locus, which is required for ESAT-6 secretion. Locations of RD1, absent in BCG, and of RD8, absent in L6 and L8 lineages, as well as polymorphisms in espACD and whiB6 promoters (asterisks), are also indicated.