Table 2.
Select chemokines function during wound healing
| Functions | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Ligand | Receptors | Normal (Acute) Skin Wound Healing | Chronic Skin Wound Healing |
| CXCL2/MIP2-alpha39 | CXCR2 | Chemoattractants for polymorphonuclear leukocytes and hematopoietic stem cells | Not studied |
| CXCL8/IL-814 | CXCR1/CXCR2 | Chemoattractants for neutrophils | Excessive production leads to abnormal initiation and resolution of inflammation.37 |
| Significantly decreased expression is also noted in rabbit diabetic ear wound model.38 | |||
| CXCL9/IP-948 | CXCR3 | Resolution of inflammatory phase | Not studied |
| CXCL10/IP-1047 | CXCR3 | Resolution of inflammatory phase | Not studied |
| CXCL12/SDF149 | CXCR4 | Migration and homing of stem cells | Decreased expression in diabetic skin wounds.50 |
| CCL2/MCP-110 | CCR2 | Chemoattractants for monocytes/macrophages | Increased expression promotes wound healing in diabetic wounds by restoring macrophage response.42 |
| CCL7/MCP-310 | CCR1/CCR2 | Chemoattractants for monocytes/macrophages | Not studied |
| CCL4/MIP-110 | CCR5 | Chemoattractants for monocytes/macrophages | Not studied |
| CCL5/RANTES10 | CCR5/CCR3/CCR1 | Chemoattractants for monocytes/macrophages | Not studied |
MIP-1, macrophage inflammatory protein-1; RANTES, regulated on activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted; SDF-1, stromal cell-derived factor-1.