Table 2.
Conjunctival Flora of Study Participants Stratified by Trichiasis Status and Sex, Gurage Zone, Ethiopia, 2004
|
Organism |
Trichiasis Present |
Trichiasis Absent |
||||||
|
Male
(n = 18) |
Female (n = 83) |
Male (n = 18) |
Female (n = 29) |
|||||
| Individual organisms | ||||||||
| Commensal | ||||||||
| Group viridans Streptococcus spp. | 11 | (61.1%) | 52 | (62.7%) | 3 | (16.7%) | 13 | (44.8%) |
| Corynebacterium spp. | 5 | (27.8%) | 35 | (42.2%) | 4 | (22.2%) | 4 | (13.8%) |
| Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus spp. | 8 | (44.4%) | 15 | (18.1%) | 3 | (16.7%) | 1 | (3.4%) |
| Bacillus spp. | 1 | (5.6%) | 4 | (4.8%) | 0 | (0%) | 1 | (3.4%) |
| Pathogenic gram positive | ||||||||
| Streptococcus pneumonia | 1 | (5.6%) | 15 | (18.1%) | 0 | (0%) | 2 | (6.9%) |
| Staphylococcus aureus | 0 | (0%) | 6 | (7.2%) | 2 | (11.1%) | 1 | (3.4%) |
| Catalase-negative gram-positive cocci | 0 | (0%) | 5 | (6.0%) | 1 | (5.6%) | 0 | (0%) |
| Group A Streptococcus spp. | 0 | (0%) | 4 | (4.8%) | 0 | (0%) | 0 | (0%) |
| Group F Streptococcus spp. | 0 | (0%) | 2 | (2.4%) | 0 | (0%) | 0 | (0%) |
| Abiotrophia sp. | 0 | (0%) | 1 | (1.2%) | 0 | (0%) | 0 | (0%) |
| Nonhemolytic Streptococcus spp. | 0 | (0%) | 1 | (1.2%) | 0 | (0%) | 0 | (0%) |
| Gram-positive rods | 0 | (0%) | 0 | (0%) | 1 | (5.6%) | 0 | (0%) |
| Pathogenic gram negative | ||||||||
| Nonenteric gram-negative rods | 1 | (5.6%) | 18 | (21.7%) | 1 | (5.6%) | 2 | (6.9%) |
| Haemophilus influenzae | 0 | (0%) | 19 | (22.9%) | 0 | (0%) | 0 | (0%) |
| Escherichia coli | 0 | (0%) | 3 | (3.6%) | 0 | (0%) | 1 | (3.4%) |
| Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis | 0 | (0%) | 2 | (2.4%) | 1 | (5.6%) | 1 | (3.4%) |
| Klebsiella pneumonia | 1 | (5.6%) | 2 | (2.4%) | 0 | (0%) | 0 | (0%) |
| Haemophilus sp., noninfluenzae | 0 | (0%) | 1 | (1.2%) | 0 | (0%) | 0 | (0%) |
| Moraxella sp. | 0 | (0%) | 1 | (1.2%) | 0 | (0%) | 0 | (0%) |
| Enterobacter | 0 | (0%) | 1 | (1.2%) | 0 | (0%) | 0 | (0%) |
| Organism classification | ||||||||
| Any organism | 14 | (77.8%) | 78 | (94.0%) | 9 | (50.0%) | 17 | (58.6%) |
| All commensal organisms* | 11 | (61.1%) | 19 | (22.9%) | 6 | (33.3%) | 12 | (41.4%) |
| Any commensal organism* | 14 | (77.8%) | 70 | (84.3%) | 7 | (38.9%) | 13 | (44.8%) |
| Any pathogenic organism* | 3 | (16.7%) | 59 | (71.1%) | 3 | (16.7%) | 5 | (17.2%) |
| 1 Pathogenic organism | 3 | (16.7%) | 40 | (48.2%) | 1 | (5.6%) | 4 | (13.8%) |
| 2 Pathogenic organisms | 0 | (0%) | 14 | (16.9%) | 1 | (5.6%) | 0 | (0%) |
| ≥3 Pathogenic organisms | 0 | (0%) | 5 | (6.0%) | 1 | (5.6%) | 1 | (3.4%) |
| Nasopharyngeal organism† | 1 | (5.6%) | 26 | (31.3%) | 0 | (0%) | 2 | (6.9%) |
| Enteric organism‡ | 1 | (5.6%) | 6 | (7.2%) | 0 | (0%) | 1 | (3.4%) |
Data refer to the number and proportion of study participants. Some study participants had more than one bacteria isolated, so numbers do not sum to 100%.
*
Commensal organisms defined as group viridans Streptococcus spp., coagulase-negative Staphylococcus spp., Corynebacterium spp., or Bacillus spp.; all others considered pathogenic.
†
S. pneumoniae or H. influenza.
‡
E. coli, K. pneumoniae, or Enterobacter.