FIGURE 1.
Immunomodulation protocols with rituximab, plasmapheresis or plasma exchange, and immunosuppressive regimens for ABO-incompatible (ABO-I) live donor liver transplantation (LDLT). (A) Regimen I: if IgG and IgM anti-ABO isoagglutinin titers were ≤64, patients underwent ABO-I LDLT directly. Patients received rituximab (375 mg/m2) on postoperative day 1. (B) Regimen II: if IgG and IgM anti-ABO isoagglutinin titers were >1:64, patients received rituximab intravenously 3 week (375 mg/m2) before liver transplantation. Patients then underwent plasmapheresis or plasma exchange. Finally, LDLT was performed. Patients received a rituximab boost after transplantation on postoperative day 1. ABO-I = ABO-incompatible, LDLT = live donor liver transplantation.