Table 3. Possible factors associated with non-sufficiency of vitamin D in the newborns.

	Non-sufficiencyc			Sufficiency		PR (95% CI)	p a
	n	%		n	%
Season of the year
Fall	37	20.3		14	31.8	1	0.42
Other seasons	145	79.7		30	68.2	0.96 (0.88–1.05)
Ethnicity
Caucasian	96	52.7		23	52.3	1	0.95
Non-Caucasian	86	47.3		21	47.7	0.99 (072–1.35)
Sunlight exposure during pregnancy b
Yes	58	45.5		9	37.5	1	0.36
No	64	52.5		15	62.5	0.93 (0.81–1.07)
Multivitamin supplements b
Yes	119	97.5		23	95.8	1	0.70
No	3	2.5		1	4.2	0.89 (0.50–1.58)
Place of residence
Rural	28	15.4		6	13.6	1	0.77
Urban	154	84.6		38	86.4	0.88 (0.39–2.00)
Sunscreen protection in pregnancy b
Yes	45	36.9		10	41.7	1	0.66
No	77	66.1		14	58.3	1.03 (0.88–1.20)

PR prevalence ratio; 95% CI, confidence interval.

^aPoisson regression.

^bn=146 women answered.

^cNon-sufficiency (deficiency+insufficiency of vitamin D).