CAT assays measuring the promoter activities of glmS, nagB, and nagA, with each fused to a promoterless cat gene, in the backgrounds of wild-type UA159, a nagR null mutant, and the nagR-ER (E30A, R31A) mutant. Bacterial strains were cultivated in TV medium supplemented with glucose (A) or GlcN (B) as sole carbohydrates and harvested and processed for CAT assays as detailed in Materials and Methods. sp., specific. The bars represent the average activities (expressed in nanomoles per milligram of protein per minute) of three independent cultures, and the error bars denote standard deviations.