Table 1.
Baseline characteristics, clinical features at study entry, and outcomes in 81 patients with COPD exacerbation
| Variable | All patients
|
Viral infection
|
Bacterial infection
|
Coinfection
|
Non-infectious group
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n=81; 100%) | (n=31; 38%) | (n=10; 12%) | (n=7; 9%) | (n=33; 41%) | |
| Baseline characteristics | |||||
| Age, years | 71±10 | 69±10 | 74±6 | 71±6 | 72±10 |
| Male sex, n (%) | 61 (75) | 24 (70) | 6 (60) | 6 (86) | 25 (75) |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 22±5 | 22±5 | 22±5 | 21±3 | 22±4 |
| Smoking status | |||||
| Current smoker, n (%) | 10 (12) | 2 (6) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 8 (24) |
| Smoking, pack-years* | 19±19 | 15±19 | 27±20 | 28±24 | 17±17 |
| Co-morbidities, n (%) | 32 (39.50) | 12 (38.70) | 4 (40.00) | 3 (42.85) | 13 (39.39) |
| Charlson’s index | 1.5±0.8 | 1.4±0.7 | 1.5±1.0 | 1.3±0.5 | 1.6±1.0 |
| GOLD class (n, groups A, B, C, D) | 17/17/29/18 | 7/7/11/6 | 2/1/4/3 | 2/1/3/1 | 6/8/11/8 |
| LTOT, n (%) | 14 (17) | 5 (16) | 2 (20) | 1 (14) | 6 (18) |
| LOS, days | 9.6±4.1 | 10.1±3.0 | 11.3±4.0 | 16.9±5.2 | 7.0±2.0 |
| CAT, scores | 26.0±6.4 | 25.1±5.5 | 25.5±7.0 | 32.0±4.5 | 25.0±5.6 |
| FEV1, L | 1.2±0.6 | 1.1±0.6 | 1.2±0.5 | 1.0±0.4 | 1.3±0.6 |
| FEV1, % of predicted normal value | 54.0±26.8 | 52.1±27.0 | 56.5±27.4 | 42.3±17.6 | 57.4±28.1 |
| FEV1/FVC, % | 55.4±8.9 | 56.0±7.6 | 56.9±10.3 | 51.2±10.1 | 55.1±9.6 |
Notes: Data are presented as number (%) or mean ± SD.
*
(Number of cigarettes per day × number of years of smoking)/20.
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; GOLD, Global initiative for chronic Obstructive Lung Disease; LTOT, long-term oxygen therapy; LOS, length of stay; CAT, COPD Assessment Test; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 second; FVC, forced vital capacity.