Figure 2.

Exposure to metronidazole, vancomycin, or both disrupts commensal bacterial species found in the lower intestine. Fecal samples were collected from mice before antibiotic treatment (day −3) and at the indicated times after cessation of antibiotics. Samples were assessed for bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs), as described in “Methods” section. Each stacked bar represents the mean microbiota composition of 3 independently housed mice.