Figure 2.

Real and imaginary parts of the complex specific impedance for a suspension of single-shell spheres obtained from the Maxwell-Wagner mixing equation (Eq. 5) solved with the ALE model (solid line) and the Laplace model (solid circles). The Cole-Cole plot (top-left) merges the frequency-dependent plots of the real (lower-left) and imaginary (top-right) parts. The three plateaus in the real part (vertical dashed lines) correspond to low absolute magnitudes in the imaginary parts. The inflection points (solid lines) correspond to peaks in the imaginary part at the two characteristic frequencies (dotted lines) of the membrane (β₁) and the bulk conductivity (β₂) dispersions. For parameters, see Table 1 for σ_e = 0.1 Sm⁻¹ and g_m = 0 Sm⁻².