Table 1. Characteristics of study subjects at the time of GDM diagnosis (24-28th gestational week) and postpartum.
| Parameters |
GDM subjects with postpartum NGT (N = 254) |
GDM subjects with postpartum glucose abnormality (N= 51) |
Pcorr |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mid-gestation parameters | |||
| Age (years) | 32 (29–35) | 32 (30–37) | 0.155 |
| Parity | 2 (1–2) | 2 (1–3) | 0.161 |
| Week of gestation* | 28 (26–28) | 28 (25–28) | 0.595 |
| Pre-gestational BMI | 27.9 (24.8–31.6) | 28.4 (24.3–32.2) | 0.997 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.3 (4.7–6.3) | 4.8 (4.2–5.8) | 0.139 |
| Family history of DM (%) | 75 | 68 | 0.328 |
| Pregnancy after IVF (%) | 4 | 7 | 0.224 |
| HbA1C (mmol/mol) |
33 (31–36) |
36 (33–38) |
< 0.001 |
| Mid-gestation oGTT (24-28th week of gestation) | |||
| FPG (mmol/L) | 4.7 (4.3–5.1) | 5.2 (4.7–5.9) | < 0.001 |
| 1-h post 75 g load | 9.4 (8.8.–10.1) | 10.6 (9.2–11.7) | < 0.001 |
| 2-h post 75 g load | 7.5 (6.3–8.2) | 8.0 (7.0–9.3) | 0.003 |
| AUCoGTT (mmol/L/hour) |
15.2 (14.4–16.2) |
17.1 (15.3–18.5) |
< 0.001 |
| Postpartum oGTT (6 weeks -12 months after delivery) | |||
| FPG (mmol/L) | 4.7 (4.5–5.0) | 5.7 (4.7–6.1) | < 0.001 |
| 1-h post 75 g load | 7.5 (6.4–8.5) | 10.5 (8.8–11.6) | < 0.001 |
| 2-h post 75 g load | 5.4 (4.5–6.4) | 8.0 (6.3–11.0) | < 0.001 |
| AUCoGTT (mmol/L/hour) |
10.2 (9.3–11.1) |
12.8 (12.2–16.4) |
< 0.001 |
| Data expressed as a median (IQR) or proportions. Differences evaluated by nonparametric Mann-Whitney or chi-square test, respectively. Considering multiple comparisons involved Bonferoni correction (Pcorr ≤ 0.05 / number of tests) was applied and only Pcorr ≤ 0.004 should be considered significant. *Week of gestation at the time of GDM diagnosis. AUCoGTT – area under oGTT curve; BMI – body mass index; DM – diabetes mellitus; FPG – fasting plasma glucose; HbA1c – glycated haemoglobin; IVF – in vitro fertilisation; NGT – normal glucose tolerance; oGTT – oral glucose tolerance test. | |||