Table 1.
Selected characteristics of PLCO and ATBC cases and controls
| |
PLCO1 |
|
|
ATBC2 |
|
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cases |
Controls |
Cases |
Controls |
||||||||
| Characteristic | N | (%) | N | (%) | P3 | Characteristic | N | (%) | N | (%) | P3 |
| Total | 215 | (100.0) | 436 | (100.0) | NA | Total | 191 | (100.0) | 575 | (100.0) | NA |
| Gender | |||||||||||
| Male | 139 | (64.7) | 291 | (66.7) | Male | 191 | (100.0) | 575 | (100.0) | NA | |
| Female | 76 | (35.4) | 145 | (33.3) | - | ||||||
| 0.60 | |||||||||||
| Age at randomization (years) | |||||||||||
| - | 49-54 | 75 | (39.3) | 230 | (40.0) | ||||||
| 55–59 | 73 | (34.0) | 146 | (33.5) | 55–59 | 66 | (34.6) | 194 | (33.7) | ||
| 60–64 | 74 | (34.4) | 149 | (34.2) | 60–64 | 41 | (21.5) | 123 | (21.4) | ||
| 65–69 | 44 | (20.5) | 91 | (20.9) | 65–69 | 9 | (4.7) | 28 | (4.9) | ||
| 70–74 | 24 | (11.2) | 50 | (11.5) | - | ||||||
| 0.998 | 0.997 | ||||||||||
| Age at blood draw (years) | |||||||||||
| – | 53–54 | 8 | (4.2) | 11 | (1.9) | ||||||
| 55–59 | 19 | (8.8) | 34 | (7.8) | 55–59 | 65 | (34.0) | 199 | (34.6) | ||
| 60–64 | 67 | (31.2) | 142 | (32.6) | 60–64 | 65 | (34.0) | 210 | (36.5) | ||
| 65–69 | 73 | (34.0) | 146 | (33.5) | 65–69 | 43 | (22.5) | 121 | (21.0) | ||
| 70–79 | 56 | (26.1) | 114 | (26.2) | 70–76 | 10 | (5.2) | 34 | (5.9) | ||
| 0.96 | 0.48 | ||||||||||
| Years Between Age at Blood Draw and Case Diagnosis and Matching for Controls | |||||||||||
| <1 | 16 | (7.4) | 43 | (9.9) | <1 | 14 | (7.3) | 37 | (6.4) | ||
| 1–4 | 134 | (62.3) | 257 | (58.9) | 1–4 | 50 | (26.2) | 165 | (28.7) | ||
| 5–9 | 59 | (27.4) | 120 | (27.5) | 5–9 | 58 | (30.4) | 164 | (28.5) | ||
| 10–14 | 3 | (1.4) | 13 | (3.0) | 10–14 | 42 | (22.0) | 131 | (22.8) | ||
| 15–16 | 3 | (1.4) | 3 | (0.7) | 15–17 | 27 | (14.1) | 78 | (13.6) | ||
| 0.48 | 0.95 | ||||||||||
| Center | |||||||||||
| Colorado | 10 | (4.7) | 39 | (8.9) | Kouvola | 9 | (4.7) | 20 | (3.5) | ||
| Georgetown | 7 | (3.3) | 26 | (6.0) | Kotka | 12 | (6.3) | 20 | (3.5) | ||
| Henry Ford | 19 | (8.8) | 49 | (11.2) | Helsinki | 63 | (33.0) | 160 | (27.8) | ||
| Minnesota | 59 | (27.4) | 91 | (20.9) | Jyvaskyla | 11 | (5.8) | 52 | (9.0) | ||
| Washington | 26 | (12.1) | 52 | (11.9) | Hameenlinna | 8 | (4.2) | 32 | (5.6) | ||
| Pittsburgh | 30 | (14.0) | 61 | (14.0) | Lahti | 13 | (6.8) | 36 | (6.3) | ||
| Utah | 22 | (10.2) | 40 | (9.2) | Meltola | 2 | (1.1) | 8 | (1.4) | ||
| Marshfield | 39 | (18.1) | 66 | (15.1) | Pori | 8 | (4.2) | 29 | (5.0) | ||
| Alabama | 3 | (1.4) | 12 | (2.8) | Tampere | 18 | (9.4) | 53 | (9.2) | ||
| Salo | 3 | (1.6) | 14 | (2.4) | |||||||
| Seinajoki | 19 | (10.0) | 44 | (7.7) | |||||||
| Tutku | 19 | (10.0) | 90 | (15.7) | |||||||
| Rauma | 6 | (3.1) | 17 | (3.0) | |||||||
| 0.19 | 0.44 | ||||||||||
| Education | |||||||||||
| Less than 12 Years | 16 | (7.4) | 17 | (3.9) | Less than Elementary | 6 | (3.1) | 16 | (2.8) | ||
| High School Graduate | 58 | (27.0) | 96 | (22.0) | Elementary School | 142 | (74.4) | 429 | (74.6) | ||
| Post Highschool Training | 31 | (14.4) | 56 | (12.8) | Some Jr. High School | 11 | (5.8) | 37 | (6.4) | ||
| Some College | 49 | (22.8) | 93 | (21.3) | Jr. High School | 17 | (8.9) | 43 | (7.5) | ||
| College Graduate | 37 | (12.6) | 80 | (184) | Some Sr. High School | 3 | (1.6) | 5 | (0.9) | ||
| Postgraduate | 34 | (15.8) | 94 | (21.6) | Sr. High School Graduate | 12 | (6.3) | 45 | (7.8) | ||
| 0.06 | 0.89 | ||||||||||
| History of Hypertension | |||||||||||
| No | 124 | (57.9) | 304 | (70.1) | No | 144 | (75.4) | 477 | (83.0) | ||
| Yes | 90 | (42.1) | 130 | (30.0) | Yes | 47 | (24.6) | 98 | (17.0) | ||
| 0.002 | 0.02 | ||||||||||
| BMI (kg/m2) | |||||||||||
| 16.7–<25 | 45 | (20.9) | 123 | (28.2) | 17.6–<25 | 57 | (29.8) | 211 | (36.7) | ||
| 25 – <30 | 90 | (41.9) | 212 | (48.6) | 25 – <30 | 97 | (50.8) | 280 | (48.7) | ||
| 30–62.1 | 80 | (37.2) | 101 | (23.2) | 30–40.4 | 37 | (19.4) | 84 | (14.6) | ||
| 0.001 | 0.13 | ||||||||||
| Ever/Never Smoking | |||||||||||
| Never | 190 | (43.6) | 95 | (44.2) | Never | 0 | (0.0) | 0 | (0.0) | ||
| Ever | 246 | (56.4) | 120 | (55.8) | Ever | 191 | (100.0) | 575 | (100.0) | NA | |
| 0.88 | |||||||||||
| Pack-Years of Smoking | |||||||||||
| 0 | 95 | (44.2) | 190 | (43.6) | - | ||||||
| 1–20 | 42 | (19.5) | 93 | (21.3) | 1–20 | 40 | (20.9) | 139 | (24.2) | ||
| 21–40 | 34 | (15.8) | 65 | (14.9) | 21–40 | 83 | (43.5) | 284 | (49.4) | ||
| 41–60 | 23 | (10.7) | 43 | (9.9) | 41–60 | 62 | (32.5) | 123 | (21.4) | ||
| 60–200 | 20 | (9.8) | 38 | (10.3) | 61–113 | 6 | (3.1) | 29 | (5.0) | ||
| 0.98 | 0.02 | ||||||||||
| Family History of Cancer | |||||||||||
| No | 101 | (47.0) | 210 | (48.2) | No | 87 | (52.4) | 250 | (49.9) | ||
| Yes | 114 | (51.8) | 226 | (51.8) | Yes | 79 | (47.6) | 251 | (50.1) | ||
| 0.78 | 0.58 | ||||||||||
Abbreviations: ATBC- Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevenetion Cohort; BMI- body mass index; N- number; NA- not applicable; PLCO- Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial.
Data on family history of cancer missing from 25 cases and 74 controls in ATBC.
Data on hypertension missing from 1 case and 2 controls, diabetes status missing from 2 controls, and pack-years of smoking missing from 1 case and 7 controls in PLCO.
1
PLCO included 1 control that was randomly selected as a control twice.
2
ATBC included 151 controls that were randomly matched to more than 1 case.
3
χ2 P-value