Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of ulcerative colitis patients with cerebral venous thrombosis
| Reference | Sex | Age | IBD activity | IBD location | IBD duration | CNS circulation involved | Outcome | Coagulation studies | Miscellaneous |
| Gonera et al.[20] | F | 30 | Active | Pancolitis | - | SSS | Recovered | Functional | Deep |
| APC resistance, | venous | ||||||||
| hyperhomocysteinemia | thrombosis | ||||||||
| Tsujikawa et al.[21] | M | 27 | Active | Recto-sigmoid | 9 yr | SSS | Recovered | - | - |
| Derdeyn et al.[22] | F | 26 | Remission | - | - | Isolated cortical | Residual | - | Deep |
| vein (sylvian vein) | venous | ||||||||
| thrombosis | |||||||||
| Das et al.[23] | M | 31 | Active | Pancolitis | - | SSS | Death | - | Pulmonary |
| emboli | |||||||||
| at autopsy | |||||||||
| M | 20 | Active | Pancolitis | 2 yr | SSS and superficial | Death | Pulmonaryemboli | ||
| cerebral veins | at autopsy | ||||||||
| Philips et al.[24] | F | 35 | - | - | - | SSS, TS, StS | - | - | |
| Recovered | |||||||||
| F | 14 | - | - | - | SSS, vein of labbe | Recovered | - | - | |
| Srivastava et al.[25] | M | 29 | Remission | - | 6 mo | SSS, left sigmoid | Recovered | No abnormality found | - |
| sinus | |||||||||
| Papi et al.[26] | F | 33 | Active | - | First attack | Superior, inferior | Residual | Lupus | Impending |
| long. Sinuses | anticoagulant positive | megacolon | |||||||
| Kao et al.[27] | - | 14 | - | - | 3 yr | SSS, vein of labbe | Residual | ANCA positive | |
| - | 7 | - | - | 4 mo | Transverse and | Residual | Elevated | - | |
| sigmoid sinuses | anticardiolipin | ||||||||
| antibody | |||||||||
| - | 20 | - | - | 6 yr | SSS and | Recovered | Elevated | - | |
| transverse sinuses | anticardiolipin | ||||||||
| antibody | |||||||||
| - | 13 | - | - | 18 mo | SSS, cortical | Recovered | Hyperhomocysteinemia, | - | |
| veins, TS, SS | heterozygous for | ||||||||
| prothrombin gene | |||||||||
| Kiff et al.[28] | F | 26 | Active | Pancolitis | First attack | Straight sinus | Death | - | In the |
| and great cerebral | postpartum | ||||||||
| vein of Galen | period | ||||||||
| Markowitz et al.[30] | M | 14 | Active | Pancolitis | 9 mo | Left sigmoid | Residual | - | - |
| and lateral sinuses | |||||||||
| Borda et al.[31] | M | 23 | Active | - | - | All major | Death | - | Pulmonary |
| venous sinuses | emboli, | ||||||||
| renal vein | |||||||||
| thrombosis | |||||||||
| Schneiderman et al.[32] | F | 12 | Active | - | - | Straight sinus, | Death | - | - |
| vein of galen | |||||||||
| Lam et al.[33] | F | 28 | - | Pancolitis | - | - | Residual | - | - |
| Averback et al.[34] | F | 25 | Remission | - | - | - | Death | - | - |
| Yerby et al.[35] | M | 28 | Remission | Pancolitis | - | - | Recovered | - | 10 yr after |
| proctocolectomy | |||||||||
| Bewermeyer et al.[36] | F | 35 | Active | - | - | Inf. Sagittal | Death | - | - |
| sinus, StS | |||||||||
| Gil-Peralta et al.[37] | F | 48 | Active | - | - | Superficial | Death | - | - |
| cortical veins | |||||||||
| Musio et al.[29] | M | 24 | - | Pancolitis | 2 yr | SSS | Recovered | - | - |
| Present study | M | 53 | Active | Pancolitis | First attack | SSS | Death | F V Leiden | Nosocomial |
| heterozygous | pulmonary | ||||||||
| mutant | infection, | ||||||||
| sepsis | |||||||||
| Total | F:11 | Mean: | Active: | Pancolitis: | - | - | - | - | - |
| M: 9 | 25.6 yr | 12 remission:4 | 10 RS: 1 |
M: male, F: female, SSS: superior sagittal sinus, TS: transverse sinus, SS: sigmoid sinus, StS: straight sinus, APC: activated protein C.