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. 2015 Oct 28;2:60. doi: 10.3389/fmolb.2015.00060

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Copyright © 2015 Sluyter.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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P2X receptor activation in red blood cells. (A) Binding of bacterial toxins or complement to red blood cells causes adenosine triphosphate (ATP) release via toxin pores and pannexin-1. Released ATP can activate P2X1 and P2X7 receptors on these cells to induce phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure and hemolysis. (B) Extracellular ATP can activate P2X7 receptors on red blood cells to induce PS exposure, or formation of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), via phospholipase A₂ (PLA₂) acting on stored phospholipids or via de novo synthesis, and subsequent EETs release.