Table 1. Sampling localities, sample size, number of haplotypes and genetic diversity of P. modestus.

Population ID	Locality	Coordinates	N/Nh/Np	Proportion of private haplotypes (Np/N)	Endemism indices (Np/Nh)	H/Π (%)
I (1~6)	Coastal Japan group	−	42/16/13	0.31	0.81	0.819/ 2.22
1	Edogawa, Japan	35˚42′05′′N 139˚55′18′′E	7/4/2	0.29	0.50	0.714/ 1.88
2	Ibigawa, Japan	35˚05′07′′N 136˚41′01′′E	12/6/4	0.33	0.67	0.682/ 0.15
3	Yamagunigawa, Japan	33˚36′29′′N 131˚11′02′′E	6/3/1	0.17	0.33	0.733/ 0.81
4	Imarigawa, Japan	33˚17′16′′N 129˚50′01′′E	4/2/0	0	0	0.500/ 2.79
5	Rokkakugawa, Japan	33˚11′23′′N 130˚12′03′′E	9/7/4	0.44	0.57	0.917/ 3.55
6	Tanegashima Island, Ryukyu Islands	30˚26′29′′N 130˚57′10′′E	4/2/1	0.25	0.50	0.500/ 0.08
II (7)	Okinawajima Island, Ryukyu Islands	26˚39′02′′N 127˚58′33′′E	6/2/1	0.17	0.50	0.600/ 0.09
III (8, 9)	Coastal East China group	−	37/26/20	0.54	0.77	0.978/ 2.61
8	Chongming Island, Shanghai, China	31˚31′30′′N 121˚57′30′′E	32/23/18	0.56	0.78	0.976/ 2.51
9	Nanhui, Shanghai, China	30˚51′36′′N 121˚54′36′′E	5/4/2	0.40	0.50	0.900/ 2.98
IV (10 ~ 12)	South China Sea group	−	46/41/36	0.78	0.88	0.991/ 3.19
10	Hailing Island, Yangjiang, Guangdong, China	21˚39′0′′N 111˚57′36′′E	33/31/27	0.82	0.87	0.996/ 3.46
11	Longlou, Wenchang, Hainan, China	19˚40′48′′N 111˚0′0′′E	6/6/4	0.67	0.67	1.0/ 0.68
12	Dongjiao, Wenchang, Hainan, China	19˚33′36′′N 110˚49′48′′E	7/7/4	0.57	0.57	1.0/ 3.54

N, sampling size; Nh, number of haplotypes; Np, number of private haplotypes; H, haplotype diversity; Π, nucleotide diversity.

See Mukai and Sugimoto³⁷ for localities 1–7; localities 8–12 are from this study.