Fig. 1.
Carpel from a wheat floret (A) and a schematic diagram of grain dry matter accumulation (B). Data of grain dry weight were fitted to a logistic growth curve over time after anthesis. Total grain filling duration (t 3) was divided equally into three phases: initial (anthesis to t 1), rapid (t 1 to t 2), and late (t 2 to t 3). The average grain filling rate (GFR) during each phase was calculated, and termed the initial, rapid, and late GFR. Onset of grain filling and maximum grain filling rate are indicated by a triangle and filled circle (at the time t max), respectively. (This figure is available in colour at JXB online.)