Table 1.

Phenotypic correlations of carpel size at anthesis with grain dry matter and water accumulation, and grain dimensions

Grain dry matter and water accumulationa	Carpel size at anthesis		Grain dimension	Carpel size at anthesis
	2012	2013		2012	2013
Initial grain filling rate	0.73**	0.51**	Maximum grain length	−b	0.19
Rapid grain filling rate	0.21**	0.14**	Maximum grain width	−	0.25
Late grain filling rate	–0.31**	–0.26**	Maximum grain height	−	0.24
Average grain filling rate	0.28**	0.20**	Maximum grain volume	−	0.30
Maximum grain filling rate	–0.10	–0.07	Final grain length	0.15	0.19
Onset of grain filling	–0.59**	–0.41**	Final grain width	–0.02	0.00
Grain filling duration	0.16*	0.11*	Final grain height	–0.08	0.28
t max	–0.25**	–0.32**	Final grain volume	0.01	0.24
Maximum grain water content	0.44**	0.33**	Grain length/width	0.17	0.16
Water absorption rate	0.49**	0.39**	Grain length/height	0.23	–0.08
Water loss rate	0.28**	0.16**
t mwc	–0.14*	–0.24**

^a Trait abbreviations: t _max, time at the maximum grain filling rate; t _mwc, time at the maximum grain water content.

^b Data absent.

*P<0.05, **P<0.01.