Fig. 10.

Model for salt tolerance in soybean. Salt stress induces the enhancement of cyclic electron flow (CEF) and up-regulated expression of Na⁺ transport-associated genes. The enhanced CEF promotes increases in ATP content in the light. The increased ATP content in light and the up-regulation of Na⁺ transport-associated genes facilitate sequestering of Na⁺ into vacuoles, which ultimately protects the photosynthetic apparatus from damage. Solid arrows indicate direct regulatory relationships, and the dotted arrow indicates a regulatory pathway.