(A) Change in expression levels of HSL by LF. The protein expression levels of HSL were detected 3 h after the treatment with 1 mg/ml of LF with or without H-89, a selective PKA inhibitor. Changes are normalized to the β-actin protein expression level. The statistical significance of the data compared with the LF untreated sample was evaluated using Student’s t test, and the data represent the mean ± SD values of triplicate determinations of one of the three identical experiments. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01. (B) Activation of lipolysis by LF. The amount of glycerol in the medium was analyzed after the treatment with 1 mg/ml of LF with or without H-89, a selective PKA inhibitor, to quantify lipolysis. The statistical significance of the data compared with LF untreated cells was evaluated using Dunnett’s multiple comparison test. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01. The data represent the mean ± SD values of triplicate determinations of one of three identical experiments. LF, lactoferrin; SD, standard deviation.