Fig. 2.

Lycopene inhibits intracellular ROS generation and activation of p38 MAPK and JNK. (A) MSCs were treated with lycopene for 30 min prior to H₂O₂ (200 μM) treatment, and cellular ROS levels were measured using the ROS-sensitive fluorophore CM-H₂DCFDA (DCF-DA) by confocal microscopy. The image is representative of four independent experiments. (B) MSCs were treated with H₂O₂ (200 μM) for 0–120 min, and the levels of phosphorylated p38 MAPK and JNK were detected by western blot analysis. (C) MSCs were treated with lycopene (10 μM), followed by H₂O₂, and the levels of phosphorylated p38 MAPK and JNK were detected by western blot analysis.