Table 7. Child, maternal, and household characteristics associated with a child having a missed opportunity for MMR vaccine † .
| El Salvador | Guatemala | Honduras | Mexico | Nicaragua | Panama | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 1950 | N = 2970 | N = 1786 | N = 4021 | N = 1179 | N = 1100 | |||||||||
| OR | CI | OR | CI | OR | CI | OR | CI | OR | CI | OR | CI | |||
| Child characteristics | Female | 1.140 | [0.911,1.425] | 1.164 | [0.878,1.542] | 1.027 | [0.778,1.356] | 1.030 | [0.884,1.201] | 1.383 | [0.965,1.980] | 1.032 | [0.757,1.406] | |
| Age in years | 0 years | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | |||||||
| 1 year | 1.000 | (ref) | 1.000 | (ref) | 1.000 | (ref) | 1.000 | (ref) | 1.000 | (ref) | 1.000 | (ref) | ||
| 2 years | 0.782 | [0.590,1.036] | 2.929 *** | [1.978,4.336] | 4.681 *** | [2.417,9.066] | 1.366 ** | [1.127,1.655] | 1.382 | [0.753,2.538] | 0.886 | [0.577,1.360] | ||
| 3 years | 0.679 * | [0.469,0.982] | 3.829 *** | [2.510,5.842] | 5.967 *** | [3.427,10.39] | 1.694 *** | [1.387,2.070] | 3.456 *** | [2.045,5.839] | 1.193 | [0.740,1.923] | ||
| 1.617 ** | [1.152,2.269] | 5.462 *** | [3.524,8.467] | 8.816 *** | [4.939,15.74] | 1.830 *** | [1.467,2.283] | 5.006 *** | [3.108,8.062] | 1.705 ** | [1.176,2.470] | |||
| Maternal characteristics | Attained education | No education | 1.000 | (ref) | 1.000 | (ref) | 1.000 | (ref) | 1.000 | (ref) | 1.000 | (ref) | 1.000 | (ref) |
| Primary education | 1.059 | [0.722,1.554] | 0.728 * | [0.538,0.987] | 0.710 | [0.436,1.155] | 1.088 | [0.861,1.375] | 0.458 * | [0.239,0.878] | 0.956 | [0.672,1.361] | ||
| Secondary education or higher | 1.306 | [0.800,2.130] | 0.693 | [0.421,1.141] | 0.641 | [0.333,1.236] | 1.055 | [0.777,1.432] | 0.251 ** | [0.0965,0.652] | 0.896 | [0.497,1.614] | ||
| Literate | 0.796 | [0.565,1.122] | 0.937 | [0.661,1.329] | 1.183 | [0.833,1.680] | 0.857 | [0.681,1.077] | 0.794 | [0.504,1.253] | 0.907 | [0.623,1.321] | ||
| Age in years | Age 15–19 | 1.000 | (ref) | 1.000 | (ref) | 1.000 | (ref) | 1.000 | (ref) | 1.000 | (ref) | 1.000 | (ref) | |
| Age 20–34 | 1.001 | [0.646,1.553] | 0.726 | [0.427,1.233] | 0.908 | [0.473,1.743] | 1.130 | [0.815,1.566] | 0.892 | [0.508,1.567] | 0.920 | [0.577,1.469] | ||
| Age 35–49 | 1.376 | [0.763,2.480] | 0.575 | [0.293,1.125] | 0.831 | [0.386,1.791] | 1.303 | [0.862,1.969] | 1.081 | [0.493,2.370] | 0.808 | [0.456,1.434] | ||
| Parity | 1 child | 1.000 | (ref) | 1.000 | (ref) | 1.000 | (ref) | 1.000 | (ref) | 1.000 | (ref) | 1.000 | (ref) | |
| 2–3 children | 0.695 * | [0.526,0.917] | 0.959 | [0.670,1.374] | 1.295 | [0.857,1.958] | 1.1 | [0.852,1.420] | 0.794 | [0.484,1.304] | 1.016 | [0.620,1.665] | ||
| 4–5 children | 0.597 ** | [0.406,0.880] | 1.047 | [0.688,1.593] | 1.117 | [0.687,1.815] | 1.108 | [0.792,1.552] | 0.627 | [0.333,1.182] | 0.894 | [0.481,1.659] | ||
| 6+ children | 0.572 * | [0.346,0.946] | 0.636 | [0.394,1.026] | 0.944 | [0.472,1.887] | 1.184 | [0.719,1.951] | 0.389 * | [0.162,0.935] | 0.824 | [0.418,1.626] | ||
| Marital status | Single | 1.000 | (ref) | 1.000 | (ref) | 1.000 | (ref) | 1.000 | (ref) | 1.000 | (ref) | 1.000 | (ref) | |
| Married | 1.916 ** | [1.248,2.941] | 1.065 | [0.591,1.920] | 0.855 | [0.534,1.369] | 0.673 | [0.354,1.281] | 0.723 | [0.338,1.548] | 1.088 | [0.531,2.228] | ||
| Union | 1.493 * | [1.023,2.179] | 0.949 | [0.511,1.762] | 1.087 | [0.708,1.667] | 0.707 | [0.375,1.332] | 0.895 | [0.502,1.598] | 0.861 | [0.544,1.364] | ||
| Divorced, separated, widowed, other | 1.372 | [0.882,2.134] | 1.319 | [0.619,2.812] | 0.791 | [0.270,2.321] | 0.846 | [0.413,1.733] | 0.698 | [0.228,2.133] | 1.040 | [0.487,2.221] | ||
| Employment status | Employed and working | 1.000 | (ref) | 1.000 | (ref) | 1.000 | (ref) | 1.000 | (ref) | 1.000 | (ref) | 1.000 | (ref) | |
| Homemaker | 0.916 | [0.654,1.283] | 1.352 | [0.652,2.807] | 1.240 | [0.754,2.041] | 0.847 | [0.539,1.329] | 1.296 | [0.747,2.249] | 1.121 | [0.618,2.033] | ||
| Employed but not working, student, retired, disabled | 0.420 * | [0.205,0.863] | 1.451 | [0.502,4.200] | 1.847 | [0.681,5.006] | 1.014 | [0.353,2.918] | 1.136 | [0.345,3.744] | 1.498 | [0.542,4.140] | ||
| Household characteristics | Expenditure quintile | Quintile 1 | 1.000 | (ref) | 1.000 | (ref) | 1.000 | (ref) | 1.000 | (ref) | 1.000 | (ref) | 1.000 | (ref) |
| Quintile 2 | 0.861 | [0.608,1.219] | 0.938 | [0.641,1.373] | 1.231 | [0.820,1.847] | 1.077 | [0.820,1.416] | 0.724 | [0.376,1.394] | 1.441 | [0.969,2.143] | ||
| Quintile 3 | 1.011 | [0.692,1.479] | 0.959 | [0.648,1.420] | 1.546 * | [1.010,2.367] | 1.009 | [0.779,1.306] | 0.815 | [0.442,1.501] | 2.054 ** | [1.328,3.177] | ||
| Quintile 4 | 0.879 | [0.610,1.265] | 0.871 | [0.561,1.350] | 0.814 | [0.507,1.305] | 1.066 | [0.812,1.398] | 0.894 | [0.492,1.625] | 1.836 ** | [1.231,2.740] | ||
| Quintile 5 | 0.842 | [0.564,1.259] | 1.258 | [0.832,1.902] | 1.168 | [0.737,1.852] | 0.969 | [0.679,1.385] | 1.444 | [0.714,2.923] | 1.623 * | [1.064,2.475] | ||
| Average asset index | 0.857 | [0.433,1.693] | 0.609 | [0.164,2.264] | 0.796 | [0.113,5.587] | 0.718 | [0.223,2.309] | 0.640 | [0.145,2.823] | 0.340 | [0.0839,1.381] | ||
| Average household size | 1.026 | [0.945,1.114] | 1.058 * | [1.014,1.105] | 1.003 | [0.916,1.097] | 0.951 | [0.890,1.017] | 1.064 | [0.991,1.143] | 1.007 | [0.970,1.045] | ||
| Urban household | 1.076 | [0.763,1.519] | 1.336 | [0.813,2.197] | 0.842 | [0.525,1.349] | 0.934 | [0.655,1.331] | 1.523 | [0.765,3.033] | N/A | |||
| Female head of household | 1.011 | [0.745,1.370] | 0.992 | [0.696,1.415] | 0.996 | [0.635,1.562] | 0.958 | [0.668,1.374] | 1.162 | [0.627,2.155] | 0.842 | [0.606,1.169] | ||
OR: odds ratio. CI: confidence interval.
Exponentiated coefficients; 95% confidence intervals in brackets
†Models adjusted for all variables in the table
* p<0.05
** p<0.01
*** p<0.001