Table 3.
Comparative analysis of arthritis self-efficacy in patients with good disease outcome and either persistent or no fatigue (Mann-Whitney U test)
| Subscales (range 1–10) (n = 28) | Persistent fatigue | No fatigue | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean ± SD | p value | Significance levela | |||
| Self-efficacy pain subscale: How certain are you that you can… | |||||
| 1 | Decrease your pain quite a bit? | 5.9 ± 2.0 | 6.1 ± 3.0 | ||
| 2 | Continue most of your daily activities? | 6.5 ± 2.5 | 6.9 ± 2.9 | ||
| 3 | Keep arthritis pain from interfering with your sleep? | 6.1 ± 3.0 | 6.7 ± 2.8 | ||
| 4 | Make small/moderate reduction in pain? | 5.5 ± 2.7 | 4.5 ± 2.9 | ||
| 5 | Make large reduction in your arthritis pain by using methods other than taking extra medication? | 4.3 ± 2.7 | 4.8 ± 3.2 | ||
| Mean pain | 5.6 ± 1.9 | 6.1 ± 2.3 | 0.359 | 0.025 | |
| Self-efficacy function subscale: As of now how certain are you that you can | |||||
| 1 | Walk 100 ft on flat ground in 20 s? | 6.7 ± 3.3 | 7.6 ± 3.1 | ||
| 2 | Walk ten steps downstairs in 7 s? | 6.3 ± 3.3 | 6.7 ± 3.1 | ||
| 3 | Get out of armless chair quickly without using your hands for support? | 5.7 ± 3.4 | 6.7 ± 3.1 | ||
| 4 | Button and unbutton three medium-size buttons in a row in 12 s? | 6.8 ± 3.1 | 7.7 ± 2.4 | ||
| 5 | Cut two bite-size pieces of meat with a knife and fork in 8 s? | 6.8 ± 3.2 | 7.5 ± 2.7 | ||
| 6 | Turn an outdoor tap all the way on and off? | 6.6 ± 2.9 | 6.8 ± 3.1 | ||
| 7 | Scratch your upper back with both your right and left hands? | 5.1 ± 3.3 | 5.8 ± 3.3 | ||
| 8 | Get in and out the passenger side of car without assistance from another person and without physical aids? | 7.2 ± 25 | 7.7 ± 2.9 | ||
| 9 | Put on long-sleeved front-opening shirt or blouse (without buttoning) in 8 s? | 7.2 ± 2.9 | 8.2 ± 2.5 | ||
| Mean function | 6.7 ± 2.4 | 7.1 ± 2.5 | 0.413 | 0.05 | |
| Self-efficacy other symptom subscale: How certain are you that you can | |||||
| 1 | Control your fatigue? | 4.9 ± 2.4 | 6.1 ± 2.3 | ||
| 2 | Regulate your activity so as to be active without aggravating your joints? | 6.2 ± 2.6 | 7.0 ± 2.4 | ||
| 3 | Do something to help yourself feel better if feeing blue? | 6.1 ± 2.7 | 7.4 ± 2.7 | ||
| 4 | Manage arthritis pain during daily activities? | 6.4 ± 2.8 | 7.2 ± 2.5 | ||
| 5 | Manage arthritis symptoms so that you can do the things you enjoy doing? | 5.7 ± 2.7 | 7.0 ± 2.8 | ||
| 6 | Deal with frustration of arthritis? | 5.9 ± 2.8 | 7.1 ± 2.8 | ||
| Mean other symptom | 5.8 ± 2.4 | 7.2 ± 2.2 | 0.022 | 0.017 | |
aLevel of significance as set post-Holm’s sequential Bonferroni adjustment