Table 5. Comparison of clinical features by states of hepatitis B immunization per hepatitis B serology.
| Hepatitis B immunization | P | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes | No | |||
| n | 2,320 | 12,996 | ||
| Gender | female | 1,438(61.98%) | 6,467(49.76%) | <0.001 |
| Age | year | 37±16 | 52±18 | <0.001 |
| Body mass index | kg/m2 | 27.60±6.19 | 29.24±6.79 | <0.001 |
| Current alcohol consumption | yes | 1,572(67.76%) | 8,456(65.07%) | 0.01 |
| Current smoker | yes | 563(24.27%) | 3,122(24.02%) | 0.80 |
| Family history of diabetes | yes | 829(35.73%) | 5,298(40.77%) | <0.001 |
| Poverty index* | 2.93±1.81 | 2.80±1.80 | <0.001 | |
| Education** | 1,937(83.49%) | 8,943(68.81%) | <0.001 | |
| Ethnic/racial group | <0.001 | |||
| Mexican American | 329(14.18%) | 2,547(19.60%) | ||
| Other Hispanic | 182(7.84%) | 1,123(8.64%) | ||
| Non-Hispanic white | 1,134(48.88%) | 6,350(48.86%) | ||
| Non-Hispanic black | 492(21.21%) | 2,453(18.88%) | ||
| Others | 183(7.89%) | 523(4.02%) | ||
| Fasting plasma glucose*** | mmol/L | 5.5±1.4 | 6.1±2.1 | <0.001 |
| 2-hour plasma glucose*** | mmol/L | 5.9±2.1 | 6.9±3.1 | <0.001 |
| HbA1c*** | ||||
| NSPG | % | 5.4±0.8 | 5.7±1.1 | <0.001 |
| IFCC | mmol/mol | 35.5±8.7 | 38.8±12.0 | <0.001 |
Mean ± standard deviation, or n (percent).
Hepatitis B immunization: Yes, positive for hepatitis B surface antibody and negative for both hepatitis B core antibody and surface antigen; No, others
*In reference to the level of family income that is at the federal poverty level as 1.00.
**High school graduate or higher.
***For fasting plasma glucose, n = 1,123 for those with immunization to hepatitis B and n = 6,298 for those without immunization to hepatitis B; for 2-hour plasma glucose, n = 885 and n = 4,509, respectively; for HbA1c, n = 2,319 and n = 12,988, respectively.