Table 1. Baseline characteristics in 232 term neonates with bacterial meningitis by prognosis (poor or good outcome*) and predictor for the poor outcome.
| Good outcome*(n = 167) | Poor outcome*(n = 65) | P value | Multivariate logistic regression analysis | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | P value | |||||
| Sex, male(n) | 59(35.3%) | 29(44.6%) | 0.19 | |||
| Birth weight <2500g(n) | 7(4.2%) | 3(4.6%) | 1.00 | |||
| Delivery mode, C-Section(n) | 59(35.3%) | 33(50.8%) | 0.03 | 1.84 (0.67–5.08) | 0.24 | |
| Age at onset(days) | 13.5(7.8) | 11.7(7.3) | 0.10 | |||
| Hospital stay(days) | 28.0(12.4) | 30.3(18.2) | 0.07 | |||
| Clinical symptoms and signs | Fever(n) | 139(83.2%) | 56(86.2%) | 0.59 | ||
| Apnea (n) | 4(2.4%) | 12(18.5%) | <0.001 | 3.12(0.33–29.72) | 0.32 | |
| Drowsiness(n) | 40(24.0%) | 39(60.0%) | <0.001 | 1.35(0.46–4.00) | 0.58 | |
| Poor feeding(n) | 40(24.0%) | 47(72.3%) | <0.001 | 3.83(1.22–12.05) | 0.02 | |
| Vomiting(n) | 7(4.2%) | 7(10.8%) | 0.07 | |||
| Jaundice(n) | 73(43.7%) | 18(27.7%) | 0.03 | 0.40(0.13–1.23) | 0.11 | |
| Seizures (n) | 24(14.4%) | 13(20.0%) | 0.29 | |||
| Bulging fontanelle(n) | 5(3%) | 8(12.3%) | 0.01 | 1.81(0.26–12.65) | 0.55 | |
| Irritability(n) | 10(6%) | 18(27.7%) | <0.001 | 1.22(0.31–4.77) | 0.78 | |
| Hepatosplenomegaly(n) | 8(4.8%) | 4(6.2%) | 0.74 | |||
| Antecedent illness | Sepsis(n) | 74(44.3%) | 21(32.3%) | 0.10 | ||
| Pneumonia(n) | 61(36.5%) | 41(63.1%) | <0.001 | 3.37(1.15–9.84) | 0.03 | |
| Impetigo neonatorum(n) | 2(1.2%) | 3(4.6%) | 0.14 | |||
| Diarrhea(n) | 28(16.8%) | 2(3.1%) | 0.005 | 0.31(0.04–2.45) | 0.27 | |
| Blood parameters | White blood cell(×109/L) | 16.7(6.5) | 15.3(6.5) | 0.15 | ||
| Hemoglobin(g/L) | 142.0(29.5) | 125.3(29.2) | <0.001 | 0.62(0.37–1.04) | 0.07 | |
| Platelet(×109/L) | 298.3(113.2) | 274.9(159.0) | 0.28 | |||
| Thrombocytocrit (%) | 0.47(0.19) | 0.55(0.49) | 0.11 | |||
| Mean platelet volume(fl) | 10.5(1.3) | 11.5(1.5) | <0.001 | 1.62(0.92–2.84) | 0.10 | |
| Platelet distribution width(fl) | 12.5(2.1) | 13.4(2.2) | 0.004 | 1.08(0.63–1.86) | 0.77 | |
| C-reaction protein >8mg/L(n) | 111(66.5) | 56(83.6) | <0.001 | 1.45(0.53–3.95) | 0.47 | |
| Procalcitonin≥0.05ug/L(n) | 117(70.1%) | 62(95.4%) | <0.001 | 2.37(0.64–8.78) | 0.20 | |
| CSF parameters | WBCs (×106/L) | |||||
| Mean ± SD | 212.8(351.2) | 886.0(2700.4) | 0.15 | |||
| <100 | 96(57.5%) | 31(47.7%) | 0.39 | |||
| 100∼1000 | 60(35.9%) | 28(43.1%) | ||||
| >1000 | 11(6.6%) | 6(9.2%) | ||||
| CSF polykaryocyte (%) | 55.6(20.5) | 52.2(20.0) | 0.09 | |||
| CSF glucose(mmol/L) | 2.3(1.1) | 1.9(1.5) | <0.001 | 0.90(0.61–1.33) | 0.58 | |
| CSF protein(mg/L) | 1387.0(781.6) | 2549.2(1019.7) | <0.001 | 4.07(2.33–7.11) | <0.001 | |
Data are n (%) or mean (SD)
CSF = cerebrospinal fluid; WBC = white blood cell.
*The prognosis outcome was defined by clinical status on hospital discharge or at a postnatal age about 2.5 to 3 months. Using Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS): 1 death, 2 persistent vegetative state, 3 severe disability, 4 moderate disability, 5 good recovery; GOS = 1–4: poor outcome, GOS = 5: good outcome.